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|signature = Freddie Mercury signature 2.svg |signature_alt = Freddie Mercury's signature }} Freddie Mercury (5 September 1946 – 24 November 1991) was a British singer, songwriter and producer, best known as the lead vocalist and songwriter of the rock band Queen. As a performer, he was known for his flamboyant stage persona and powerful vocals over a four-octave range.〔.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''RollingStone.com'' – 100 Greatest Singers of All Time )〕 As a songwriter, he composed many hits for Queen, including "Bohemian Rhapsody," "Killer Queen," "Somebody to Love," "Don't Stop Me Now," "Crazy Little Thing Called Love," and "We Are the Champions." Mercury also led a solo career, and also occasionally served as a producer and guest musician (piano or vocals) for other artists. Mercury was a Parsi born in the Sultanate of Zanzibar and grew up there and in India until his mid-teens. He died of bronchopneumonia brought on by AIDS on 24 November 1991, one day after publicly acknowledging he had the disease. In 1992 he was posthumously awarded the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to British Music, and his tribute concert was held at Wembley Stadium, London. As a member of Queen, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001, the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2003, the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2004, and the band received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2002. In 2002, Mercury was placed at number 58 in the BBC's poll of the 100 Greatest Britons. He has been voted one of the greatest singers in the history of popular music. In 2005, a poll organised by ''Blender'' and MTV2 saw Mercury voted the best male singer of all time.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=list )〕 In 2008, ''Rolling Stone'' editors ranked him number 18 on their list of the 100 greatest singers ever.〔 In 2009, a ''Classic Rock'' poll elected him the best rock singer of all time.〔''Classic Rock'', "50 Greatest Singers in Rock", May 2009〕 Additionally, AllMusic has characterised Mercury as "one of rock's greatest all-time entertainers," who possessed "one of the greatest voices in all of music." == Early life == Mercury (born Farrokh Bulsara; (グジャラート語:ફારોખ બલસારા), ''Pharōkh Balsārā'') was born in the British protectorate of Sultanate of Zanzibar, East Africa (now part of Tanzania).〔(Birth certificate ) mr-mercury.co.uk〕 His parents, Bomi (1908–2003) and Jer Bulsara (1922–), were Parsis from the Gujarat region of the then province of Bombay Presidency in British India.〔 The family surname is derived from the town of Bulsar (now known as Valsad) in southern Gujarat. As Parsis, Mercury and his family practised the Zoroastrian religion. The Bulsara family had moved to Zanzibar so that his father could continue his job as a cashier at the British Colonial Office. He had a younger sister, Kashmira.〔.〕 Mercury spent most of his childhood in India and began taking piano lessons at the age of seven.〔(Queen Online – History: Freddie Mercury ), Archived on 8 August 2010.〕 In 1954, at the age of eight, Mercury was sent to study at St. Peter's School, a British-style boarding school for boys, in Panchgani near Bombay (now Mumbai).〔.〕 One of his formative musical influences at the time was Bollywood singer Lata Mangeshkar. At the age of 12, he formed a school band, The Hectics, and covered rock and roll artists such as Cliff Richard and Little Richard.〔.〕 A friend from the time recalls that he had "an uncanny ability to listen to the radio and replay what he heard on piano."〔.〕 It was also at St. Peter's where he began to call himself "Freddie", and in February 1963 he moved back to Zanzibar where he joined his parents at their flat.〔Lesley-Ann Jones (2012). "Mercury: An Intimate Biography of Freddie Mercury". p. 327. Simon and Schuster,〕 At the age of 17, Mercury and his family fled from Zanzibar for safety reasons due to the 1964 Zanzibar Revolution,〔 in which thousands of Arabs and Indians were killed. The family moved into a small house in Feltham, Middlesex, England. Mercury enrolled at Isleworth Polytechnic (now West Thames College) in West London where he studied art. He ultimately earned a diploma in Art and Graphic Design at Ealing Art College (now the Ealing campus of University of West London), later using these skills to design the Queen crest. A British citizen at birth, Mercury remained so for the rest of his life.〔.〕 Following graduation, Mercury joined a series of bands and sold second-hand clothes in the Kensington Market in London with girlfriend Mary Austin. He also held a job at Heathrow Airport. Friends from the time remember him as a quiet and shy young man who showed a great deal of interest in music. In 1969 he joined the Liverpool-based band Ibex, later renamed Wreckage. He lived briefly in a flat above the Liverpool pub, The Dovedale Towers. When this band failed to take off, he joined a second band called Sour Milk Sea. However, by early 1970 this group had broken up as well.〔.〕 In April 1970 Mercury joined guitarist Brian May and drummer Roger Taylor who had previously been in a band called Smile. Despite reservations of the other members and Trident Studios, the band's initial management, Mercury chose the name "Queen" for the new band. He later said, "I was certainly aware of the gay connotations, but that was just one facet of it."〔.〕 At about the same time, he changed his surname, Bulsara, to Mercury. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Freddie Mercury」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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